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0. HIPISHER 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

SIZING VAT.

Patented May 10, 1887.

WITNESSES INVENTEIR (No Model.) 3 SheetsSheet 2.

U. H. FISHER.

' SIZING VAT. No. 362,735. Patented May 10, 1887.

LIME;

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3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

0'. H. FISHER.

SIZING VAT Patented May 10 1887.

INVENTUR.

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. UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE.

CHARLES HENRY FISHER, OF LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO THE LOWELLMACHINE SHOP, OF SAME PLACE.

SIZING-VAT.

-SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 362,735, dated May 10,1887.

Application filed October 5. 1886. Serial l lo. 215,881. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, CHARLES HENRY FISHER, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Lowell, in the county of Middlesex and State of 5Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement inSizing-vats, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of sizingvats where yarn or othertextile material is operated upon in a continuous manner, the

material passing through the vat with considerable speed and beingtreated with size or other suitable substance during its passage.

The object of my invention is to provide a I reliable means ofcontrolling the temperature of the substance such as size-with which thetextile material is treated, and a more inexpensive method ofconstruction than has hith- 'erto been adopted in similar circumstances.

:0 My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which-Figure 1 is an end elevation of the treatingvat. Fig. 2 is a sideelevation of the said vat. Fig. 3 is a plan showing the top of theimproved heating apparatus; and Fig. 4. is a see tional elevation of theheating apparatus at the line a a of Fig. 3, with the vat-sides attachedthereto, and showing a usual method of connecting these parts together.

0 Similar reference-numbers refer to similar parts in all the views.

It is'usually desirable, when textile materials are to be treated withhot liquids or semiliquid snbstaneessuch as size-to be able to evenly,quickly,'and safely bring the substance which is to be applied to thetextile material to some desirable and fixed temperature, and vats muchresembling my improved apparatus in outward appearance have been in usefor 0 such purposes for a considerable time. With some of these olderforms of apparatus I have found, when the material in the vat is to beheated with steam or hot air, that cold air is likely to collect in abody in some portions of 4 5 the heating chamber,preventing the saidchamber from becoming uniformly heated by the hot fluid, which is causedto pass through the chamber forthe purpose of heating it. This unevenheating of the heating-chamber leads to unequal heating of the contentsof the vat,

necessitating a considerable amount of care and skill in the use of thevat, in order to prop erly perform the operations conductedtherewith.\Vith my improved vat this difficulty of unequal heating does not exist.'55

The drawings represent a vat which is especially designed for applyinghot size to the surface of yarn, and in those drawings the course takenby the yarn while passing through the vat is represented by the line 1.Several. 6o hundred threads are usually sized at once,-the threadspassing along through the machine side by side and at the same rate ofspeed.

The yarn is shown as passing first over the guide-rolls 2, thence underthe immersing-roll 6 5 3,and then between the pairs of squeezing-rolls 4and 5. One of thesesqueeziug-rolls is usually a heavy top roll, 4, whichpresses the size into the yarn as it passes through the rolls, andsometimes, when it is desirable to do so, astill greater pressure isapplied to the yarn by means of levers 6 and weights 7 attached thereto,which press upon the axle of a squeeze-roll. The yarn is caused to movethrough the vat by means of the squeeze-rolls, the lower roll, 5, ofeach pair of which is driven by a gearwheel, 8, upon its axle 9. Thegears 8 are driven from machinery or shafting at a dis tance from thevat by means of the shaft 10, the bevel-gears 11 and 12, and thespur-gear 13.

Any other usual and convenient means of manipulating the textileinatcrialas it passes through the vat may be substituted for that whichis shown.

The vat which retains the size or other substance with which the textilematerial is to be treated is preferably made, as shown in the drawings,by clamping the flanged sides 14, which also preferably support themechauisnr for treating the textile material, upon the top 3 of theheating-chamber 15, the said chamber being in turn supported by legs 16.The heating-chamber is provided with partitions 17, which so divide thespace between its upper and lower sides, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, that5 steam or other heating agent, or in some cases cold water or othercooling agent, which is introduced through the pipe 18 into the saidspace, will be caused to move, .if at all, in such a manner as to comesuccessively in contact tact with the substance which is in the thuswill evenly heat all portions of the sub-,

- stance in thevat above, and any cold air'that is in theheating-chamberwill be driven ahead oi the steam or other heating agent out of the pipe19.

.lhe pipes 18 and 19 are usually provided with regulating-valves 20, andthe heatingchamber with a safetyval.ve, 21, which safetyvalve may be soadjusted that the pressure and the temperature of the steam in theheatlng-chamber can never rise to such an amount as to injure eithertheheating-chamber or the contents of the vat above.

Whenever it can be done I prefer to make the heating-chamber 15 in asingle casting, as shown in the drawings, for the sake of reduclug itscost. In that case I am able to use any necessary pressure in theinterior of the heatlug-chamber, the partitions l7 acting as stays'topreve nt the-sides of the chamber from being forced apart by thepressure, while the bottom of the vat is left smooth, with no headsofstay-bolts exposed to the contents thereof. I am, however, aware that iffor any reason it is desirable to make the heating-chamber in more thanone piece, such a construction may be adopted. It may sometimes bedesirable to \Vitnesses:

make the upper and lower plates of the heatlug-chamber in separatepieces, in which case they may be secured together by stay-bolts in orother equivalent means, "tion of tools for breaking up the manner whichis usually adopted in such constructions, the partitions 17 in that casebeing cast wholly upon one or the other of the said plates, or partiallyon each, or entirely separate from either, as may be most convenient. I,however, prefer to cast the heatingchamber in a single piece whenever itcan be done. Holes in the edges of theheating-cham her that are finallyclosed by screw-plugs 22', allow the introducthe internal core, which itis necessary to use while the heatingchamber is being thus cast in asingle piece.

What I claim as" new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

The sizing apparatus which consists of a;

size-containing'vessel, means for subjecting a textile material to sizethat is contained in the said vessel, a heating-chamber in contact withthe said size and whose interior space is divided by partitions, wherebya hot fluid passing through the said chamber will be forced by the saidpartitions to come successively in contact with the different portionsof that side otthesaid heating-chamber which is incontact with thesize,means for introducing into and removing from the-said heating-chamber ahot fluid, means for controlling the rapidity of the passage of' thesaid fluid through the said chamber, and means for preventing thepressure and temperature of the said hot fluid from rising to aninjurious amount, substantially as set forth.

' CHARLES HENRY FISHER.

WILLIAM P. CANNING,

LOREN W. PENNEY.

